Hydrocephalus

Hydrocephalus is a neurological condition that occurs when excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) accumulates within the ventricles of the brain. The buildup of fluid increases pressure inside the skull and can interfere with normal brain function. Hydrocephalus can affect individuals of all ages, but it is most commonly diagnosed in infants and older adults. This condition may be congenital, meaning present at birth, or acquired later in life due to head injury, infection, bleeding, tumors, or complications from surgery. A specific form known as normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) often develops in older adults and can cause progressive changes in memory, balance, and bladder control.

Symptoms of Hydrocephalus

The symptoms of hydrocephalus vary depending on age and severity. Common signs include:

 

  • Headaches or a feeling of pressure in the head

  • Nausea and vomiting

  • Difficulty walking or maintaining balance

  • Vision problems such as blurred or double vision

  • Cognitive changes, including memory loss or slowed thinking

  • In infants, abnormal head enlargement or bulging soft spots

Because hydrocephalus can mimic other neurological conditions, timely evaluation is essential for accurate diagnosis.

Diagnosing Hydrocephalus

At Covenant Spine and Neurology, our team uses advanced imaging and clinical evaluations to accurately diagnose hydrocephalus. Diagnosis may include:

 

  • MRI or CT scans to measure ventricular size and detect fluid buildup

  • Neurological examinations to assess coordination, memory, and gait

  • Lumbar puncture or spinal tap in some cases to measure CSF pressure and evaluate symptoms

Identifying the cause and type of hydrocephalus is critical to developing an effective treatment plan.

Treatment Options for Hydrocephalus

Hydrocephalus treatment typically involves procedures that redirect or restore the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid. The most common treatments include:

 

  • Shunt Placement: A thin tube system is surgically inserted to divert excess fluid away from the brain into another part of the body, such as the abdomen, where it can be absorbed.

 

  • Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy (ETV): A minimally invasive procedure that creates an opening in the floor of the brain’s third ventricle, allowing CSF to flow more freely and reduce pressure.

Our specialists work closely with neurosurgical partners to determine the best treatment option for each patient. After surgical intervention, long-term monitoring is provided to ensure ongoing stability, track symptoms, and adjust care as needed.

Long-Term Management and Support

Hydrocephalus often requires lifelong follow-up, as shunt systems and surgical outcomes may change over time. At Covenant Spine and Neurology, we provide comprehensive care that includes:

 

  • Regular neurological evaluations

  • Imaging when needed to assess shunt function or ventricular size

  • Ongoing patient education and support for both individuals and families

Contact Covenant Spine and Neurology

If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with hydrocephalus, or if you are experiencing unexplained neurological symptoms such as memory loss, balance problems, or headaches, early evaluation is important. Contact Covenant Spine and Neurology today to schedule an appointment and receive expert diagnostic care, personalized treatment planning, and compassionate long-term support or click here to find one of our locations near you.

Book Your Appointment Now

For more information or to schedule an appointment call us at 336-761-4020.

Schedule an Appointment