Brachial Plexopathy

Brachial plexopathy refers to injury or inflammation of the brachial plexus—a network of nerves extending from the spinal cord through the neck and shoulder that controls movement and sensation in the arms, hands, and upper chest. Damage to these nerves can cause pain, weakness, numbness, or loss of function in the affected arm. At Covenant Spine and Neurology, our experienced, board-certified specialists provide advanced diagnostics and personalized treatment to help restore strength and relieve discomfort.

Understanding Brachial Plexopathy

The brachial plexus connects the brain and spinal cord to the shoulder, arm, and hand. When these nerves are compressed, stretched, or injured, due to trauma, inflammation, tumors, or nerve entrapment, communication between the brain and the limb may be disrupted.

 

Common causes include:

 

  • Shoulder or neck trauma (motor-vehicle accidents, sports injuries, heavy lifting)

  • Surgical complications or anesthesia-related nerve injury

  • Inflammatory conditions such as Parsonage-Turner Syndrome (neuralgic amyotrophy)

  • Tumors or radiation near the shoulder region

  • Repetitive strain or nerve compression

Signs and Symptoms

Symptoms vary based on which portion of the plexus is affected and the severity of nerve damage. You may experience:

 

  • Sharp, burning, or radiating pain in the shoulder or arm

  • Numbness, tingling, or “pins and needles” sensations

  • Weakness or paralysis in the arm or hand

  • Loss of reflexes or muscle control

  • Muscle wasting in long-standing cases

Prompt evaluation by a neurologist can help prevent further nerve damage and improve recovery potential.

Diagnosis and Advanced Testing

At Covenant Spine and Neurology, we use a combination of clinical assessment and advanced imaging to identify the source and extent of nerve injury:

 

  • Electromyography (EMG) and nerve-conduction studies (NCS) to evaluate electrical activity and pinpoint affected nerves

  • MRI or ultrasound of the brachial plexus to visualize inflammation, compression, or structural abnormalities

  • Comprehensive neurological examination to assess motor strength, sensation, and coordination

Accurate diagnosis allows us to design a targeted plan for optimal healing and functional recovery.

Personalized Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity of the nerve damage. Our multidisciplinary team offers a range of evidence-based therapies:

 

Conservative and Non-Surgical Care

 

  • Targeted physical and occupational therapy to restore range of motion and muscle strength

  • Pain-management techniques, including anti-inflammatory or nerve-stabilizing medications

  • Corticosteroid injections or other interventions to reduce inflammation and nerve irritation

Advanced and Surgical Options

 

When nerve compression or trauma is severe, we coordinate with surgical specialists for procedures such as nerve grafts, nerve transfers, or decompression surgery, and we remain involved throughout recovery for long-term continuity of care.

 

Supportive Rehabilitation

 

Ongoing follow-up visits, customized exercise programs, and education on joint protection and posture help maximize healing and prevent future complications.

Living With and Managing Brachial Plexopathy

Recovery timelines vary. Some patients regain strength and sensation within months, while others may need longer-term therapy. Our team provides the education, reassurance, and consistent monitoring needed to support sustainable progress and improved quality of life.

Why Choose Covenant Spine and Neurology

  • Board-certified neurologists specializing in peripheral nerve and spine disorders

  • Advanced diagnostic technology for precise localization of nerve injury

  • Collaborative care model linking patients, referring physicians, and rehabilitation experts

  • Comprehensive support from diagnosis through recovery

Get Expert Help for Brachial Plexus Injuries

If you’re experiencing shoulder or arm pain, weakness, or numbness, don’t wait to seek evaluation. Click here to schedule your consultation at Covenant Spine and Neurology and begin your path toward restored movement and relief. Or find one of our locations near you to get started with a specialist in your area.

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For more information or to schedule an appointment call us at 336-761-4020.

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